水稻亚种间杂交粒重及加工品质性状的遗传效应分析

用4个广亲和粳型品种和5个籼型品种为材料,按NCⅡ设计配制杂交组合,获得同一环境下的亲本及F_1植株上的籽粒群体(F_2),对其稻谷千粒重、糙米千粒重、出糙率、总精米率以及整精米率等粒重和加工品质性状进行测定,并按胚乳性状遗传模型和混合线性模型的分析方法对籼粳亚种间杂交稻粒重及加工品质性状的遗传效应进行了研究,结果表明:籼粳交籽粒的粒重及各加工品质性状同时受到胚乳直接基因效应、母体基因效应以及微弱的细胞质效应的影响,但其主要受制于母体加性效应,并且存在一定的胚乳杂种优势和母体杂种优势;不同亲本品种对于粒重及加工品质性状的遗传改良具有不同的作用.

Genetic Effects of Kernel Weight and Milling Quality Traits in Hybrid Rice between Subspecies

Four wide-compatibility varieties of japonica and five indica varieties were used as parents to make crosses in a NCⅡdesign,the kernel populations of parents and F_2 generations were obtained in the same environment,and kernel weight and milling quality traits of which were measured.Genetic effects of those quality traits in indica/japonica hybrid rices were studied using a mixed-linear model method for triploid endosperm trait.The results indicated that kernel weight and milling quality traits of indica/japonica crosses were all controlled by endosperm direct genetic effect,maternal genetic effect and low cytoplasmic effect simultaneously,but the maternal additive effect was the main genetic effect.Endosperm heterosis and maternal heterosis could also been detected.And different parents had different functions in the improvement of kernel weight and milling quality traits.