西双版纳不同地点和生境鼠类及蚂蚁的多样性比较

于2004年4月至2005年5月在西双版纳的3个不同地点(勐仑植物园、新山和补蚌)选择荒地、野芭蕉林和森林3种不同植被类型的生境,对2个重要的雨林种子传播类群--鼠类和蚂蚁的多样性进行了研究.采用铗日法捕获9种鼠共97只,采用陷阱法捕获104种蚂蚁共2 600头.结果表明,蚂蚁聚集生活在干燥的荒地生境中,而鼠类则集中生活在食物资源丰富的野芭蕉林生境中.不同地点鼠的种类和数量无显著差异(P＞0.05),但不同地点蚂蚁的种类和数量差异显著(P＜0.05);不同生境鼠和蚂蚁的种类和数量均差异显著(P＜0.05).地点和生境对2个类群分布有不同的影响,这种影响也通过它们对种子散布的不同作用,最终影响地区内植被的更新和循环.

Species diversity of rat and ant at different habitats and sites in Xishuangbanna

In this paper, the species diversity of rat and ant in Xishuangbanna of Yunnan Province was studied during the period from April 2004 to May 2005. Virgin land, wild banana plantation and forestland were chosen as test habitats, and Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Xinshan and Bubeng were selected as test sites. 97 rats belonging to 9 species were captured by mousetrap, and 2 600 ants belonging to 104 species were captured by pitfall trap. Ant tended to live in the habitat of dry virgin land, while rat was favor of the wild banana plantation with abundant food sources. Significant differences in species number and abundance of ant were detected among the three sites (P<0.05), but less differences were observed for rat (P>0.05). Habitat and site had different effects on the distribution of the two animal groups, which in turn affected the establishment and development of vegetation through their different roles in seed dispersal.