FINE STRUCTURAL STUDIES OF ZEA MAYS POLLEN I: CELL MEMBRANES AND EXINE ONTOGENY

Electron microscopy was used to study pollen wall ontogeny in Zea mays. The initial stage of development consisted of compartmentalization of microspores within callose special walls. Microspore plasma membranes retracted and tubular elements of the endoplasmic reticulum became perpendicularly oriented to the plasma membranes. Evaginations of the endoplasmic reticulum into the microspore plasma membrane resulted in the establishment of a template or blueprint of the mature pollen wall. Sporopollenin deposition upon the template began immediately after dissolution of the callose special walls and release of the microspores into the anther locule. The columellae were the first pollen wall units to be formed; the tectum and foot layer became established shortly thereafter. The granular endexine was the last-formed unit. The relationships of membrane systems to the ontogeny of the pollen wall units and the mode of pollen wall growth are discussed.