稀碱法提取食用蝇蛆蛋白

对蝇蛆粉充分脱脂后采用稀碱法提取蝇蛆蛋白。结果表明,液料比、浸提温度、碱浓度对提取得率有显著影响(P<0.01),提取时间对提取得率影响差异不显著。蛋白提取的最佳条件为:液料比20mL/g,浸提温度80℃,浸提时间2h,碱浓度1%(w/v)。在此条件下,所得蝇蛆蛋白粉蛋白氮含量为11.14%,蛋白得率为57.53%,提取效率为69.84%。对最优条件下得到的蝇蛆蛋白粉进行理化指标检测,并与速溶豆粉的企业标准以及脱脂乳粉的国家标准进行比较。结果表明,水分、灰分、脂肪、蛋白含量均已达到可食用级别的要求,重金属铅、汞、砷含量均低于限量要求,微生物检测不含致病菌和大肠杆菌,在最优提取条件下所得蝇蛆蛋白粉,综合指标已达可食用标准。

Extraction of edible protein from the housefly larvae

In this work,proteins were extracted from the dry degreased powder of the housefly larvae with low-concentration sodium hydroxide solution.The results indicated that solution-material ratio,extraction temperature,and sodium hydroxide concentration had significant effect on the yield of the extracts,while the extraction time had no evident effect on it.The optimized conditions obtained from the orthogonal experiment were solution-material ratio was 20ml/g,extraction temperature was 80℃,extraction time was 2 h,and sodium hydroxide concentration was 1%(w/v).Under the optimized conditions,yield of housefly larvae proteins was 57.53%,nitrogen content of housefly larvae protein was 11.14%.Extraction efficiency was 69.84%.The physicochemical parameters of the housefly larvae protein obtained under the optimized conditions were detected.It indicated that contents of water,ash,fat,and protein in the extract product met the demands for National Food Standards of China and the contents of heavy metals including Pb,As,and Hg were lower than the minimum levels limited by the national food standards,and no pathogens were detected.Therefore,the proteins extracted from the house fly larvae under the current optimal conditions had matched up to the current edible level of the National Standards.