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Marked Phenotypic Heterogeneity Associated with Expansion of a CAG Repeat Sequence at the Spinocerebellar Ataxia 3/Machado-Joseph Disease Locus
Authors:Graldine Cancel  Nacer Abbas  Giovanni Stevanin  Alexandra Dürr  Herv Chneiweiss  Christian Nri  Charles Duyckaerts  Christiane Penet  Howard M Cann  Yves Agid  and Alexis Brice
Institution:Géraldine Cancel, Nacer Abbas, Giovanni Stevanin, Alexandra Dürr, Hervé Chneiweiss, Christian Néri, Charles Duyckaerts, Christiane Penet, Howard M. Cann, Yves Agid, and Alexis Brice
Abstract:The spinocerebellar ataxia 3 locus (SCA3) for type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I), a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of neuro-degenerative disorders, has been mapped to chromosome 14q32.1. ADCA type I patients from families segregating SCA3 share clinical features in common with those with Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), the gene of which maps to the same region. We show here that the disease gene segregating in each of three French ADCA type I kindreds and in a French family with neuropatho-logical findings suggesting the ataxochoreic form of dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy carries an expanded CAG repeat sequence located at the same locus as that for MJD. Analysis of the mutation in these families shows a strong negative correlation between size of the expanded CAG repeat and age at onset of clinical disease. Instability of the expanded triplet repeat was not found to be affected by sex of the parent transmitting the mutation. Evidence was found for somatic and gonadal mosaicism for alleles carrying expanded trinucleotide repeats.
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