云南茶树种质资源的研究进展及发展重点

云南是世界茶树的原产地和起源中心,茶树种质资源种类众多,遗传多样性丰富,在茶学研究中占有非常重要的地位。本文总结了60多年来云南茶树种质资源在考察征集、保存保护、鉴定评价与共享利用等方面的研究进展,阐述了云南茶树种质资源研究存在的问题及对今后发展方向的建议。提出今后应加强珍稀濒危茶树种质的收集保存、生态型及遗传多样性的研究和利用、生物技术在优良茶树种质创新的应用、优良基因的发掘和功能研究以及利用平台的构建、物种或种群保护的生物学基础等重点领域的研究。

Study Advance and Development Emphases of Tea Germplasm Resources of Yunnan Region

Yunnan is the center of tea origination with abundant in tea germplasm resources enriching the genetic diversity, which plays in an important role in tea research. In this paper, the research achievements and progress of Yunnan tea germplasm resource in past sixty years are systematically reviewed from the following aspects: exploration, collecting, conservation, protection, identification, evaluation and shared utilization. Simultaneously, the current problems and the suggestions about subsequent development of tea germplasm resources in Yunnan were discussed, including superior and rare germplasm collection, tea genetic diversity research, biotechnology utilization in tea germplasm innovation, super gene exploration and function, the construction of utilization platform, biological base of species and population conservation.