梨种质资源对黑星病抗性评价

采用人工接种黑星病菌的方法,对国家果树种质兴城梨资源圃保存的197份梨种质资源进行了抗病性鉴定,结果表明:不同梨种类发病率差异很大,其中白梨和砂梨最易感病,秋子梨和种间杂交选育品种较易感病,新疆梨较抗病,西洋梨最抗病;对病情指数在各梨种类分布进行了分析;在白梨、砂梨、秋子等各系统分别筛选出黄鸡腿、甩梨、酸梨、锦香等一批抗病资源;对田间自然感病与人工接种感病结果进行了比较。

Evaluation of Resistance to Scab for Pear Germplasms

The resistance to pear scab of 197 pear cultivars in national pear germplasm repository was evaluated by artificial inoculation of Venturia nashicola.The results showed that the morbidity of different pear varieties varied widely.Chinese white pear cultivars(Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.) and sand pear cultivars(P.pyrifolia(Burm.f.) Nakai) were the most susceptible to scab.Ussurian cultivars(P.ussuriensis Maxim.) and Pyrus hybrid cultivars were the second most susceptible to scab.Xinjiang pear cultivars(P.sinkiangensis Yü) were resistant to scab.European pears cultivars(P.communis L.) were the most resistant to scab.The distribution of disease index in pear cultivars was analyzed.Huangjitui,Shuaili,Suanli,Jinxiang,and a number of resistant resources were identified and the disease susceptibility results between natural occurrence and artificial inoculation were compared.