人类活动对榆树疏林土壤环境和植物多样性的影响

人类活动已成为地球上生物多样性的主要影响因素，而生物多样性的变化是目前主要的全球变化问题之一。榆树疏林是分布于温带草原地带的沙地生境顶级群落，其生态环境脆弱，极易遭到人类活动的破坏。研究结果表明，各种人类活动（包括人工林的建造）对原生榆树疏林土壤环境和植物多样性有很大的影响，其中人工樟子松林和重牧干扰影响最大，其次是人工杨树林。在沙地环境治理中应充分地考虑自然规律和系统的短期与长期生态过程的统一。

Effect of human activities on soil environment and plant species diversity of elm sparse woods

Human activities have a major impact on the biodiversity of the earth, while biodiversity change is considered as an important global change in its own right. Elm sparse woods is a climax community distributed on the sandland in temperate steppe zone. Its habitat conditions are much more fragile, and are easily destroyed. Our studies on the effect of human activities on soil environment and plant diversity showed that the main soil environmental factors and plant species diversity had some obvious changes, of which, the changes of man made pine woods and heavy grazing disturbance were the largest, and the of man made poplar woods were the in those next place. It is suggested that natural laws and consistency of ecosystem processes in the low and long temporal scale should be considered adequately in the environment management of sandland.