鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林凋落叶分解与土壤动物群落动态和多样性

2001年12月~2002年12月,采用不同孔径分解凋落叶样袋法,对鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林3类凋落叶的分解进行了研究,并对落叶分解过程中凋落叶袋内和袋下土样中的土壤动物群落和多样性进行了调查。结果表明,3种孔径袋内凋落叶的分解速率为大孔>中孔>微孔;混合凋落叶的分解速率大于单种凋落叶;蜱螨目在凋落叶分解的整个过程中相对数量都较高,弹尾目在凋落叶的分解过程中在凋落叶袋和土壤间移动,数量变化较大。凋落叶袋内大、中型土壤动物的个体数量在分解前期较多,中、小型土壤动物在分解的中期数量剧增;凋落叶袋内土壤动物的个体数量、密度以及多样性指数都随着落叶的分解而增加,9月最高;土壤样内则在分解的前期较高,以后逐渐降低。凋落叶的分解和土壤动物群落动态及多样性受凋落叶基质质量以及样地温度、降雨量等综合因素的影响。

Leaf litter decomposition of monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest and dynamics and diversity of soil fauna community in Dinghu Mountain

With litterbag method,this paper studied the leaf litter decomposition of monsoon evergreen broadleaf forests in Dinghu Mountain,and the dynamics and diversity of soil fauna community within and out of bags from Dec.2001 to Dec.2002.The results showed that the decomposition rate of leaf litter in bags with different mesh sizes was decreased in order of coarse size>medium size>fine size.Mixed litters decomposed more rapidly than single species litters.Acarina was the most abundant group of soil fauna in litter bags and soil during the process of litter decomposition,while the individuals of Collembola had a greater change during litter decomposition.The density,diversity index,and the numbers of groups and individuals of soil fauna in litterbags increased with litter decomposition,especially in the 9th month.The diversity index and the numbers of the individuals of important soil fauna in soil were higher in early than in mid-and late stages of decomposition.The decomposition process of leaf litter and the dynamics of soil fauna community diversity were correlated with litter quality,temperature and rainfall in the site.