Bacterial community and decomposition rate in long term fed-batch composting using woodchip and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as bulking agents |
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Authors: | Norio Nagao Keiko Watanabe Shinichiro Osa Tatsushi Matsuyama Norio Kurosawa Tatsuki Toda |
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Institution: | (1) SEAWELL Co. Ltd., 8-12-6 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0061, Japan;(2) c/o T. Toda: Faculty of Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-8577, Japan;(3) Department of Environmental Engineering for Symbiosis, Faculty of Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-8577, Japan |
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Abstract: | Long term fed-batch composting experiments were conducted for 200 days using two types of bulking agents; woodchip and PET
flake, with periodic compost withdrawal through a washing process. The bacterial communities of composting materials in the
two different bulking agents were also investigated by 16S rRNA gene clone analysis. The decomposition rate in both composting
reactors was 86.1% and 88.2% of the total organic load, respectively. The control experiment of dead-end operation without
compost withdrawal by washing process could not be maintained for more than 102 days because of its low performance. The reactor
with compost withdrawal, however, improved the decomposition rate in the composting process, and could be applied in the long
run. There was a significant difference in the bacterial community between the FBC reactor with woodchip and another with
PET flake as the bulking agent though the decomposition rates were similar. The reactor with woodchip as the bulking agent
consisted of 95% Bacillales while the PET flake reactor contained 54% of total bacteria count. In addition, Lactobacillales was dominant at 38% in the PET flake reactor and the bacterial community in general significantly differed from the woodchip
reactor. Furthermore, there was a difference in the species composition in the Bacillales and the bacterial community showed a significant difference at the species level between the two reactors. Although bacterial
community differed, the decomposition rates between the two reactors were similar and PET flake showed greater viability than
woodchip as a bulking agent due to its high abrasion resistance and non-biodegradability. |
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Keywords: | Fed-batch composting Bulking agent Organic waste treatment Solid state fermentation Biodegradation Polyethylene terephthalate 16S rRNA gene Bacterial community |
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