Chloroplasts do not have a polarity for light-induced accumulation movement |
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Authors: | Hidenori Tsuboi Hiroko Yamashita Masamitsu Wada |
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Institution: | (1) Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-Osawa 1-1, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan;(2) Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan |
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Abstract: | Chloroplast photorelocation movement in green plants is generally mediated by blue light. However, in cryptogam plants, including
ferns, mosses, and algae, both red light and blue light are effective. Although the photoreceptors required for this phenomenon
have been identified, the mechanisms underlying this movement response are not yet known. In order to analyze this response
in more detail, chloroplast movement was induced in dark-adapted Adiantum
capillus-veneris gametophyte cells by partial cell irradiation with a microbeam of red and/or blue light. In each case, chloroplasts were
found to move toward the microbeam-irradiated area. A second microbeam was also applied to the cell at a separate location
before the chloroplasts had reached the destination of the first microbeam. Under these conditions, chloroplasts were found
to change their direction of movement without turning and move toward the second microbeam-irradiated area after a lag time
of a few minutes. These findings indicate that chloroplasts can move in any direction and do not exhibit a polarity for chloroplast
accumulation movement. This phenomenon was analyzed in detail in Adiantum and subsequently confirmed in Arabidopsis
thaliana palisade cells. Interestingly, the lag time for direction change toward the second microbeam in Adiantum was longer in the red light than in the blue light. However, the reason for this discrepancy is not yet understood.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
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Keywords: | Adiantum capillus-veneris Arabidopsis Blue light Chloroplast movement Fern gametophyte Microbeam Red light |
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