The maple leaf-cutter moth and its allies: a revision of Paraclemensia (Incurvariidae s.str.)

. The Holarctic genus Paraclemensia Busck, 1904, is revised and eight species are recognized: cyanella (Zeller) [= europaea Davis] (Europe), caemlea (Issiki) comb.n. (Japan), viridis sp.n. (Japan), oligospina sp.n. (Japan), cyanea sp.n. (Japan), acerifoliella (Fitch) [= hiteiceps (Walker); = iridella (Chambers)] (U.S.A. and Canada), incerta (Christoph) comb.n. (Siberia and Japan) and monospina sp.n. (Japan). The monophyly of the genus is demonstrated and the phylogeny and biogeography of the species are discussed. P. acerifoliella from North America is regarded as most closely related to two of the eastern Palaearctic species, incerta and monospina. A key to species is provided, and adults and male and female genitalia are described and illustrated (or references are given to illustrations published elsewhere). Three lectotypes are designated. The genus-group name ‡ Tschabia Issiki is demonstrated to be nomenclaturally unavailable.