The effect of time of sowing on the incidence of subterranean clover red leaf virus infection in broad bean (Vicia faba)

Yield losses in broad beans due to subterranean clover red leaf virus (SCRLV) in 1972/73 were 21, 30, 61 and 8% in plots sown in May, July, September and November respectively. The variations in yield loss resulted from differing levels of virus infection during periods in which harvestable pods were set because further pod set virtually ceased after symptoms of infection became apparent. The increases in infection were paralleled by increases in the infestation of Aulacorthum solani the aphid vector of SCRLV. Yield losses were greatest in the September-sown plots because the plants emerged at the commencement of the spring peak of aphid flight and were least in the November-sown plots which emerged after the peak of aphid flight had declined. However, potential yields decreased with deferment of sowing time and recorded yields were greatest from May-sown plots.
Yield losses due to SCRLV in 1973/74 were 79 and 91% for plots sown in May and September respectively. These larger yield losses resulted from an earlier and more rapid colonisation of plants by A. solani than in the previous year.
Choice of May as sowing date would not have controlled the disease satisfactorily in 1973/74 but would have been practical in the previous season when colonisation by A. solani was delayed so that little infection with SCRLV occurred before pod set had ceased.