DNA存储中的编码技术

脱氧核糖核酸(Deoxyribonucleic Acid, DNA)是一种天然的信息存储介质,具有存储密度高、存储时间长、损耗率低等特点。在传统存储方式不能满足信息增长的需求时,DNA数据存储技术逐渐成为研究热点。DNA编码是用尽可能少的碱基序列无错的存储数据信息,包括压缩(尽可能少的占用空间)、纠错(无错存储)和转换(数字信息转为碱基序列)3部分。DNA编码是DNA存储中的关键技术,它的结果直接影响存储性能的优劣和数据读写的完整。本文首先介绍DNA存储的发展历史,然后介绍DNA存储的框架,其中重点介绍DNA编码技术,最后对DNA存储中的编解码技术的未来发展方向进行讨论。

Coding algorithms in DNA storage

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has advantages of large storage capacity, low energy consumption and long life. When the traditional storage systems cannot meet the needs of information growth, DNA data storage technology has gradually become a research hotspot. The purpose of DNA storage coding is to store data information without errors using as few base sequences as possible, which consists of three parts: Compression (occupying as little space as possible), error correction (no error storage) and transformation (digital information converted into base sequences).The encoding algorithm is the key technology of DNA storage, which directly affect the quality of storage performance and the integrity of data reading and writing. This paper first introduces the history and framework of DNA storage, then focuses on DNA coding technology, and finally discusses the future development direction of the field.