华中五味子染色体制片优化及核型分析

比较不同预处理和解离方法对华中五味子染色体制片的影响,采用华中五味子的萌发芽、新枝茎尖、幼叶等不同部位进行染色体制片,观察500个细胞,比较不同部位中期细胞和适宜核型分析的中期细胞所占比例,结果显示,0.1%秋水仙素预处理1 h、1 mol/L盐酸常温解离12 min制片所得染色体分散效果最佳。5~15 mm幼叶侧边组织制片最适宜华中五味子核型分析。核型公式为2n=2x=28=26 m 2sm,核型不对称系数(As.k)为56.30%,属于1B类型,核型对称性程度高,表明华中五味子在进化中处于比较原始类型。

Optimization of Chromosome Sectioning and Karyotype Analysis of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et Wils.

The different methods of the pretreatments and dissociations in chromosome sectioning of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et Wils.were compared,and different parts,including buds,top of stems,and young leaves,were used to chromosome sectioning,500 cells were observed,and the proportions of metaphase cells and the metaphase cells which were suitable for karyotype analysis were compared.The results showed that the pretreatment with 0.1% colchicines 1 h and 1 mol/L HCl at normal temperature 12 min performed well in the sectioning.The sides of young leaves which were from 5 to 15 mm long were most suitable for the karyotype analysis of S.sphenanthera.The karyotype analysis revealed that the karyotype of S.sphenanthera was 2n=2x=28=26m 2sm and its index of As.k was 56.30%,the karyotype asymmetry belonged to 1B type,suggesting that it was relatively primitive forms.