希茉莉（Hamelia patens Jacq.）花粉发育时期快速检测

茜草科希茉莉（Hamelia patens Jacq.）的花粉用DAPI（4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole）直接染色不能观察到花粉核,本研究探索出适宜在DAPI染色前处理希茉莉花粉壁的水浴加热-氧化方法,使得希茉莉花粉核能在荧光显微镜下清晰地显示出来,从而快速检测花粉所处的发育阶段。结果表明：（1）单核花粉和二核花粉最适宜的水浴加热温度和时间分别为65℃、20~50 min和55℃、20~40 min;（2）花粉发育阶段与花朵、花药长度的对应关系为：花朵0.90~1.00 cm、花药0.50~0.60 cm时对应花粉的四分体时期,花朵1.10~1.60 cm、花药0.60~0.85 cm时对应单核花粉时期,花朵1.80~2.70 cm（花冠裂片张开前）、花药0.91~1.01 cm时对应二核花粉时期。

Quick Detection of Pollen Developmental Stages of Hamelia patens Jacq.

DAPI is a DNA-specific fluorochrome that facilitates observation of nuclei during pollen development and can confirm the developmental stages of pollen grains. However, the nuclei in Hamelia patens Jacq. pollen grains are little stained by DAPI due to the resistance of the pollen wall. An effective ＂water-bath heating and oxidation＂ method was used to treat the pollen wall of H. patens. The results showed that the： （1） best incubating conditions for uninucleate microspores and bicellular pollen grains were 20- 50 min at 65℃ and 20 N 40 min at 55℃, respectively; and, （2） lengths of flowers and anthers were 0.90 N 1.00 cm and 0.50 - 0.60 cm at the tetrad stage, 1.10- 1.60 cm and 0.60 ~ 0.85 cm at the uninucleate microspore stage, and 1.80 ~ 2.70 cm and 0.91 ~ 1.01 cm at the bicellular pollen stage, respectively.