马铃薯糖苷生物碱对人血胆碱酯酶的抑制

马铃薯糖苷生物碱是一类有异味有毒性的含氨甾族化合物，其致毒机理与有机磷杀虫剂相似，表现出对人体内胆碱酯酶活性的抑制，使胆碱能神经兴奋增强，引起一系列中毒症状。从块茎萌发芽中提取的总糖苷生物碱的毒性较高，对人血胆碱酯酶的体外抑制率为６３．０８％，单个糖苷生物碱（α茄碱和α卡茄碱）的毒性较低，抑制率分别为５２．０８％和４１．１５％，总糖苷生物碱的水解产物糖苷配基基本无毒性，抑制率仅为１１．３６％。

Inhibition of Potato Glycoalkaloids to Human Blood Cholinestrase

Potato glycoalkaloids are the toxic nitrogenous steroids with peculiar smell. They are similar to the organophosphorous insecticide with respect to toxicosis mechanism, that demonstrates the inhibition of human blood cholinesterase and enhancement of excitation on cholinergic nerves, resulting in a series of toxic symptoms. The total glycoalkaloids extracted from tuber sprouts with preliminary purification was more toxic than a single glycoalkaloid (α-solanine or αchaconine) , and their percentage of cholinesterase inhibition in vitro were 63. 08%, 52. 08% and 41.15%, respectively. The aglycone solanidine which was a hydrolysate of TGA produced little or no inhibition, it is only of 11.36% inhibition.