Bacteriology of Manganese Nodules: IV. Induction of an MnO2-Reductase System in a Marine Bacillus1

Bacillus 29, isolated from a ferromanganese nodule from the Atlantic Ocean, was shown to possess an MnO(2)-reductase system which is induced in the presence of manganous ion. Maximal activity of the enzyme system was induced in about 5 hr in the presence of 4.35 mm MnSO(4) and was minimally dependent on the presence of either glucose or peptone and oxygen. Induction of optimal activity required the simultaneous presence of glucose and peptone. At least 30% of maximal activity was induced in 5 hr in the presence of 0.4 mum MnSO(4). Actinomycin D (5 mug/ml) or chloramphenicol (35 mug/ml), when added to the induction medium, inhibited approximately 90% of MnO(2)-reductase synthesis and incorporation of uracil-2-(14)C or leucine-1-(14)C. Cell-free extracts having MnO(2)-reductase activity were prepared by sonic disruption of cell suspensions of induced Bacillus 29. Such extracts used glucose metabolism as a source of electrons. They had an average specific activity of 1.15 nmoles of Mn(II) produced per mg of protein per hr at 25 C. They had a temperature optimum of 18 C for reductase activity and retained 50% of their activity at 4 C, the approximate temperature of the natural habitat of the organism. Extracts were stable for several days at 4 C but rapidly lost over 50% of their activity on freezing and thawing. Over 90% of the activity of the extract could be destroyed by heating in a boiling-water bath for 5 min. At a concentration of 1 mm, HgCl(2) and atebrine dihydrochloride inhibited MnO(2)-reductase activity by at least 50%, but sodium azide was ineffective. The MnO(2)-reductase activity of induced cells and extracts from them was no greater in the absence of oxygen than in its presence, confirming an earlier observation that MnO(2) and O(2) do not compete as terminal electron acceptors in the respiratory activity of this organism.