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西双版纳传统利用的野生药食两用植物
引用本文:顾玮,杨珺,杨付梅,孙黔云,王跃虎,龙春林. 西双版纳传统利用的野生药食两用植物[J]. 植物分类与资源学报, 2014, 36(1): 99-108
作者姓名:顾玮  杨珺  杨付梅  孙黔云  王跃虎  龙春林
作者单位:1 中国科学院昆明植物研究所资源植物与生物技术所级重点实验室,云南 昆明650201;2 中国科学院大学,
北京100049; 3 贵州省中国科学院天然产物化学重点实验室生物活性筛选室,贵州 贵阳550002;
4 中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院,北京100081
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:31161140345,31070288)国家科技基础性工作专项(项目编号:2012FY110300,2008FY110400)教育部和国家外专局创新引智计划(项目编号:B08044,MUC985)日本学术振兴会项目(项目编号:JSPS/AP/109080)
摘    要:2010年3月至2011年7月对西双版纳少数民族传统利用的药食两用植物进行民族植物学调查,通过访谈和野外调查工作, 收集并记录了关于当地社区传统利用药食两用植物的传统知识以及其他相关信息,并选择了其中20种植物进行抗菌活性的筛选。共调查统计了43科95种西双版纳传统利用的药食两用植物,从分类学角度来看,以茄科(6种)和唇形科(6种)最多,其中草本植物占了最大比例,为495%。对其中20种植物的抗菌活性筛选结果显示,只有马蓝(Baphicacanthus cusia)和旋花茄(Solanum spirale)对金黄色葡萄球菌有抑菌活性。从调查中可以看出:药食两用植物的利用在当地人的日常生活中仍占有相当重要的分量。但随着近年来经济快速发展导致的传统知识的急剧流失和森林的大面积砍伐,很多植物已经逐渐从人们的生活中淡出,如何保护这些传统知识并使其能够可持续发展下去是一个值得思考的问题。

关 键 词:西双版纳  药食两用植物  传统知识  抗菌活性

A Preliminary Study of Traditional,Wild Medicinal,Edible Plants in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan, China
GU Wei-、,YANG Jun-,YANG Fu-Mei-,SUN Qian-Yun-,WANG Yue-Hu-,LONG Chun-Lin-、. A Preliminary Study of Traditional,Wild Medicinal,Edible Plants in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan, China[J]. Plant Diversity and Resources, 2014, 36(1): 99-108
Authors:GU Wei-、  YANG Jun-  YANG Fu-Mei-  SUN Qian-Yun-  WANG Yue-Hu-  LONG Chun-Lin-、
Affiliation:1 Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming
650201, China; 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3 Drug Screening Lab, The Key Laboratory
of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Guiyang 550002, China;
4 College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
Abstract: An ethnobotanical study was conducted through interview and field work during 20103-20117 to determine the wild medicine food plants used by the local people of Xishuangbanna, southwest Yunnan, China. All information provided on the uses of medicine food plants by local communities was documented. In addition, the disk diffusion method was used to test the antibacterial activities of some plants. A total of 95 plant species belonging to 43 families were reported as medicine food plants, with Solanaceae (6 species) and Lamiaceae (6 species) being the most represented families. Most plants used were herbs (495%), of which 20 were screened for antibacterial activities. Baphicacanthus cusia and Solanum spirale showed moderate antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus. Our interviews revealed that in the study area wild plants are still commonly used for food and medicinal purposes by people in their daily lives. However, there is a gradual loss of traditional knowledge about these plants due to a decline in inter generational transmission of knowledge. Loss of this precious knowledge is a major concern.
Keywords:Xishuangbanna  Medicine-food plants  Traditional knowledge  Antibacterial activitiy
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