青杨脊虎天牛对植物源挥发物的EAG和行为反应

测定了青杨脊虎天牛Xylotrechus rusticus （L.）雌、雄成虫对其寄主杨树中的水杨醛（0.95 μmol/μL）和非寄主植物中0.3 μmol/μL的叶绿醇、0.4 μmol/μL的水芹烯和0.6 μmol/μL的 R 型α-蒎烯、S 型α-蒎烯、S型β-蒎烯、3-蒈烯、罗勒烯、香草烯和松节油等10种植物挥发性气味物质的触角电位（EAG）反应。结果表明，与对照相比，这10种植物挥发物多能引起成虫明显的EAG反应( P<0.05，P<0.01 )，其中雌虫对松节油、水杨醛、R 型α-蒎烯和 S 型α-蒎烯的EAG反应较强； 雄虫对 R 型α-蒎烯的EAG反应最强，松节油次之。根据雌虫对这10种挥发物EAG反应的强弱，进一步测定了雌虫对0.00006、0.0006、0.006、0.06、0.6、0.12 μmol/μL的松节油、R 型α-蒎烯、S 型α-蒎烯以及0.000095、0.00095、0.0095、0.095、0.95、0.19 μmol/μL的水杨醛的EAG和行为反应。结果表明，雌虫对松节油、水杨醛和 R 型α-蒎烯的EAG反应随气味物质浓度的增加而增加，水杨醛浓度增加到0.95 μmol/μL、松节油和 R 型α-蒎烯浓度增加到0.6 μmol/μL以后，EAG反应值趋于平稳；对 S 型α-蒎烯的反应随浓度的增加而呈线性增加。水杨醛浓度低于0.095时，对雌虫没有明显的定向作用( P>0.05 )，高于此浓度时表现为驱避作用( P<0.05 )； 松节油在浓度低于或等于0.6 μmol/μL时对雌虫表现为驱避作用，浓度为0.6时驱避效果最佳（ P<0.01 ）。雌虫对 R 型α-蒎烯和 S 型α-蒎烯没有明显的定向行为反应。

Effects of plant volatiles on the EAG response and behavior of the grey tiger longicorn, Xylotrechus rusticus (L.) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

The electroantennogram (EAG) responses of female and male beetles of Xylotrechus rusticus (L.) to 10 volatiles were tested, including salicylaldehyde (0.95 μmol/μL) from poplar, the host plant, and phytol (0.3 μmol/μL), R-(-)-α-phellandrene (0.4 μmol/μL), (1R)-(+)-α-pinene, (1S)-(-)-α-pinene, (1S)-(-)-β-pinene, (+)-3-carene, ocimene, β-myrcene and turpentine (0.6 μmol/μL) from non-host plant. The results showed that the 10 volatiles could evoke very significant EAG responses (P<0.01) of the adults compared with the control, paraffin. The females exhibited stronger EAG responses to turpentine, salicylaldehyde, (1R)-(+)-α-pinene, (1S)-(-)-α-pinene, while (1R)-(+)-α-pinene and turpentine could induce stronger EAG responses to males. The EAG responses of female and male adults to salicylaldehyde, (1R)-(+) -α-pinene and ocimene had no significant differences (P>0.05), but to the rest 7 volatiles had remarkable difference (P<0.01). The responses and behaviors of females to different doses of turpentine, (1R)-(+)-α-pinene, (1S)-(-)-α-pinene and salicylaldehyde, were further tested. The tested concentrations of salicylaldehyde were 0.000095, 0.00095, 0.0095, 0.095, 0.95, and 0.19 μmol/μL; the rest compounds with the same concentrations of 0.00006, 0.0006, 0.006, 0.06, 0.6, and 0.12 μmol/μL. With the concentration increased, the female EAG response to turpentine, salicylaldehyde and (1R)-(+)-α-pinene increased accordingly and kept steady when the concentration of salicylaldehyde reached 0.95 μmol/μL and those of turpentine and (1R)-(+)-α-pinene reached 0.6 μmol/μL. When the concentration were less than or equal to 0.6 μmol/μL, turpentine  exhibited repellent effect to females and had the best effect at 0.6 μmol/μL (P<0.01); whereas, it showed lure effect at 0.12 μmol/μL (P>0.05). When the concentration were lower than 0.095 μmol/μL, salicylaldehyde had no obvious directional action to female (P>0.05); while higher than 0.095 μmol/μL, it exhibited repellent action (P<0.05). The females showed no distinct directional behavior to (1R)-(+)-α-pinene and (1S)-(-)-α-pinene.