Extracellular micro/nanovesicles rescue kidney from ischemia-reperfusion injury |
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| Authors: | Saeed Farzamfar Akram Hasanpour Niloufar Nazeri Hengameh Razavi Majid Salehi Shilan Shafei Vajiheh T. Nooshabadi Ahmad Vaez Arian Ehterami Hamed Sahrapeyma Jafar Ai |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;3. Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran;4. Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, International Campus of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;5. Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran;6. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran;7. Department of Biomaterial Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran |
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| Abstract: | Acute renal failure (ARF) is a clinical challenge that is highly resistant to treatment, and its high rate of mortality is alarming. Ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is the most common cause of ARF. Especially IRI is implicated in kidney transplantation and can determine graft survival. Although the exact pathophysiology of renal IRI is unknown, the role of inflammatory responses has been elucidated. Because mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have strong immunomodulatory properties, they are under extensive investigation as a therapeutic modality for renal IRI. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an integral role in cell-to-cell communication. Because the regenerative potential of the MSCs can be recapitulated by their EVs, the therapeutic appeal of MSC-derived EVs has dramatically increased in the past decade. Higher safety profile and ease of preservation without losing function are other advantages of EVs compared with their producing cells. In the current review, the preliminary results and potential of MSC-derived EVs to alleviate kidney IRI are summarized. We might be heading toward a cell-free approach to treat renal IRI. |
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| Keywords: | exosomes extracellular vesicles (EVs) ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) microvesicles (MVs) renal failure |
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