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Wnt lipidation: Roles in trafficking,modulation, and function |
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| Authors: | Vahid Hosseini Christian Dani Mohammad Hossein Geranmayeh Fatemeh Mohammadzadeh Saeed Nazari Soltan Ahmad Masoud Darabi |
| Affiliation: | 1. Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;2. Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, Nice, France;3. Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;4. Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;5. Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran |
| Abstract: | The Wnt signaling pathway consists of various downstream target proteins that have substantial roles in mammalian cell proliferation, differentiation, and development. Its aberrant activity can lead to uncontrolled proliferation and tumorigenesis. The posttranslational connection of fatty acyl chains to Wnt proteins provides the unique capacity for regulation of Wnt activity. In spite of the past belief that Wnt molecules are subject to dual acylation, it has been shown that these proteins have only one acylation site and undergo monounsaturated fatty acylation. The Wnt monounsaturated fatty acyl chain is more than just a hydrophobic coating and appears to be critical for Wnt signaling, transport, and receptor activation. Here, we provide an overview of recent findings in Wnt monounsaturated fatty acylation and the mechanism by which this lipid moiety regulates Wnt activity from the site of production to its receptor interactions. |
| Keywords: | acylation biological transport monounsaturated fatty acids posttranslational modifications Wnt receptors |