Cadmium-induced changes in antioxidant enzymes in suspension culture of soybean cells

Cadmium (Cd), similarly to other heavy metals, inhibits plant growth. We have recently showed that Cd(2+) either stimulates (1-4 microM) or inhibits (>/= 6 microM) growth of soybean (Glycine max L.) cells in suspension culture (Sobkowiak & Deckert, 2003, Plant Physiol Biochem. 41: 767-72). Here, soybean cell suspension cultures were treated with various concentrations of Cd(2+) (1-10 microM) and the following enzymes were analyzed by native electrophoresis: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX) and ascorbate peroxidase (APOX). We found a significant correlation between the cadmium-induced changes of soybean cell culture growth and the isoenzyme pattern of the antioxidant enzymes. The results suggest that inhibition of growth and modification of antioxidant defense reactions appear in soybean cells when Cd(2+) concentration in culture medium increases only slightly, from 4 to 6 microM.