Vertical transmission and pathological findings in the mother,the placenta and the offspring,during first and last thirds of gestation in a mouse model of congenital toxoplasmosis |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratorio de Inmunología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, SSa. Av. Insurgentes Sur 3700-C. Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, C.P. 04530 Mexico City, Mexico;2. Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias de la Producción y de la Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. Universidad 3000. Delegación Coyoacán, C.P. 04510 Mexico City, Mexico;3. Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, SSa. Av. Insurgentes Sur 3700-C. Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, C.P. 04530, Mexico City, Mexico;4. Dirección de Investigación, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, CICSA-FCS, Universidad Anáhuac, Campus Norte México. Av Universidad Anáhuac 46, Lomas Anáhuac, Huixquilucan, Estado de México C.P. 52786, Mexico;1. Biosecurity SA, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia;2. School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;3. School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia;4. 22 Trevor Terrace Blackwood, SA 5051, Australia;5. Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell''Emilia Romagna and OIE Reference Laboratory for Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease and for Myxomatosis, Via Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy;6. Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia;7. Australian National Wildlife Collection, National Research Collections CSIRO, Crace, ACT 2911, Australia;8. CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia;9. Invasive Species and Environment Biosecurity, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Albany, WA 6330, Australia;10. Biosecurity Tasmania, Newtown, Tasmania 7008, Australia;11. NSW Department of Primary Industries, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia;12. Centre for Invasive Species Solutions, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia;1. Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil;2. Universidade Regional Integrada Alto Uruguai e Missões, Sete de Setembro Avenue, 1621, Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul 99709-910, Brazil;3. Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472, Km 585, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil;4. Clinica Silveira, Sete de Setembro Avenue, 1502, Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil;1. Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, INTECH, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional General San Martin (UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina;2. Servicio de Parasitología y Chagas, Hospital de Niños “Ricardo Gutiérrez”, Gallo 1330 (C1425EFD), Buenos Aires, Argentina;3. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones en Patologías Pediátricas (IMIPP)- CONICET-GCBA;4. Laboratorio de Biofábricas y Vacunas, INTECH, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional General San Martin (UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina;1. Postgraduate Program in Health Science, HealthSciences Department, State University of Maringá (UEM), Paraná, Brazil;2. Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá (UEM), Paraná, Brazil;3. HealthSciences Department, State University of Maringá (UEM), Paraná, Brazil;4. UniversityHospital of Maringá, State University of Maringá (UEM), Paraná, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | We performed a study of congenital toxoplasmosis of the first and third gestation periods in mice, and determined its effects on the embryos/fetuses, the placentae and the maternal organs. We infected pregnant BALB/c mice by i.v. injection of 2.5‐–10.0 × 106 tachyzoites of the ME49 T. gondii strain and euthanized them 72 h later. The tissues were analyzed by histopathology, immunohistochemistry and parasite-specific qPCR. Infections with the lowest dose induced remarkably different changes in the two thirds: a) all doses diminished the number of products/litter, the lowest dose only by 14%; but most embryos still visible were degenerated in the case of the first period, while the fetuses of the last third were perfectly preserved; b) the transmission rate in the first third was relatively high, but with a very low parasite burden; c) with the lowest dose, strong vascular changes (congestion, thrombosis and hemorrhage) predominated in the placentas of the first period, while they were absent in the last third; d) necrosis caused by T. gondii to maternal organs was much stronger during the last gestation period than in the first. Our results suggest that the vascular alterations at the placenta of the first third of pregnancy prevent embryo from large parasite burden, but provoke its death by starvation. In the last gestation period, there was poor control of parasite dissemination to the placenta and the fetus, but there was greater capacity of the product to defend itself from T. gondii. |
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