Global variation in young adult central nervous system tumor incidence by region,age, and sex from 1988 to 2012 |
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| Institution: | 1. Macalester College, St. Paul, MN, United States;2. Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States;3. Program in Health Disparities Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States;4. Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States;5. Brain Tumor Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States;1. Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, Germany;2. School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston University, Boston, USA;3. Cancer Registry of North Rhine-Westphalia, Bochum, Germany;4. Saarland Cancer Registry, Saarbrücken, Germany;5. CaritasKlinikum Saarbrücken St. Theresia, Saarbrücken, Germany;1. Department of Urology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States;2. Department of Urology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences Campus, Brooklyn, NY, United States;3. Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States;4. Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States;5. Department of Urology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States;6. VA NY Harbor Healthcare System, United States;7. Department of Surgery, Urology Service; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center;1. School of Women’s and Children’s Health, UNSW-Sydney, Australia;2. Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, School of Population Health, UNSW-Sydney, Australia;3. Menzies Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia;4. Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia;1. Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland;2. Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland;3. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland;1. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Urology Service, USA;2. VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, USA;3. New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Urology, USA;4. University of North Carolina, Department of Urology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, USA;5. Department of Implementation Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA;6. New York University, School of Global Public Health, Division of Global Health, USA |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundCentral nervous system (CNS) tumors result in tremendous morbidity and mortality. Incidence of CNS tumors in young adults is less studied. It is unknown how young adult CNS tumor incidence has changed globally in recent decades.MethodsWe used Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5) data (1988–2012) to estimate incidence rates (IR), average annual percent change in incidence (AAPC; 95% confidence intervals 95% CI]), and male-to-female incidence rate ratios (IRR; 95% CI) by six histologies and age at diagnosis (20–29years, 30–39years). Tumors were classified as astrocytic, medulloblastoma, ependymal, oligodendroglial, meninges, and other embryonal. Geographic regions were defined using the United Nations Statistics Division geoscheme.ResultsThere were 78,240 CNS tumor cases included. 20–29-year-old (yo) rates were lower than 30–39 yo in most regions for astrocytic, oligodendroglial and ependymal tumors. Globally, astrocytic tumor incidence decreased (20–29 yo AAPC: ? 0.70; 95% CI: ? 1.32, ? 0.08) while incidence increased for oligodendroglial (20–29 yo AAPC: 3.03; 95% CI: 1.57–4.51; 30–39 yo AAPC: 2.67; 95% CI: 0.79–4.58), ependymal (20–29 yo AAPC: 1.16; 95% CI: 0.31–2.03; 30–39 yo AAPC: 2.29; 95% CI: 1.14–3.46), medulloblastoma (30–39 yo AAPC: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.04–1.24) and tumors of the meninges (20–29 yo AAPC: 1.55; 95% CI: 0.04–3.07). There was a 20–40% male incidence excess in all histologies except for meninge tumors (30–39 yo IRR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.84).ConclusionsIncidence of oligodendroglial and ependymal tumors increased globally in 20–39 yo suggesting better diagnoses or changes in risk factors. Males had a higher incidence of CNS tumors for most tumors studied and in most regions. |
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| Keywords: | Central nervous system tumors Young adults Global incidence Sex differences Epidemiology |
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