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Extending optical chemical tools and technologies to mice by shifting to the shortwave infrared region
Institution:1. Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States;2. Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius Maximilian University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
Abstract:Fluorescence imaging is an indispensable method for studying biological processes non-invasively in cells and transparent organisms. Extension into the shortwave infrared (SWIR, 1000–2000 nm) region of the electromagnetic spectrum has allowed for imaging in mammals with unprecedented depth and resolution for optical imaging. In this review, we summarize recent advances in imaging technologies, dye scaffold modifications, and incorporation of these dyes into probes for SWIR imaging in mice. Finally, we offer an outlook on the future of SWIR detection in the field of chemical biology.
Keywords:Shortwave infrared  Fluorophore  Small molecule dye  Multiplexed imaging  Multicolor imaging  Confocal microscopy  Light-sheet microscopy  Molecular imaging  Targeted imaging  Fluorogenic probe  Ratiometric probe  SWIR"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0070"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"shortwave infrared  VIS"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0080"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"visible  NIR"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0090"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"near infrared  ICG"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0100"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"indocyanine green  InGaAs"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0110"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"indium gallium arsenide  LSM"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0120"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"light-sheet microscopy  D-A-D"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0130"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"donor-acceptor-donor  PEG"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0140"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"polyethylene glycol  EGFR"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0150"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"epidermal growth factor receptor  FRET"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0160"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Fӧrster resonance energy transfer  NTR"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0170"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"nitroreductase  NQO"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0180"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase isozyme 1  ALP"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0190"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"alkaline phosphatase  Mon"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0200"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"monensin  Nys"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0210"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"nystatin  LPS"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0220"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"lipopolysaccharide  FBS"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0230"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"fetal bovine serum  PBS"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0240"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"phosphate buffered saline  DMSO"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0250"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"dimethyl sulfoxide
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