Molecular characterization of Sarcocystis spp. in seabirds from southern Brazil |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários 1540, CEP 80035-050, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil;2. Santos Basin Beach Monitoring Project (PMP-BS), Seabird Rehabilitation Laboratory, University of Vale do Itajaí, Rua Maria Emília da Costa, CEP: 88-385-00090, Armação, Penha, Santa Catarina, Brazil;3. Autonomous veterinarian. R Eng Roberto. G. P. Leite, 711, Vista Alegre, CEP-80820-220, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil;4. Nature Research Centre, Akademijos 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania;1. Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory, Southeastern Cooperative Fish Parasite and Disease Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, 559 Devall Drive, Auburn, AL 36832, USA;2. Biology Department and Biological Field Station, 120 Perna Science Building, State University of New York, College at Oneonta, Oneonta, New York 13820, USA;3. North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, 645 Fish Hatchery Road, Marion, NC 28752, USA;4. Department of Zoology, School for Environmental Sciences and Development, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa;1. Key Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, 050024 Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, PR China;2. Department of Zoology, University of Swabi, Swabi 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan;1. Vilnius University, Life Sciences Centre, Institute of Biosciences, Saul?tekio Av. 7, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania;2. Laboratory of Algology and Microbial Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania;3. Laboratory of Nuclear Geophysics and Radioecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania |
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| Abstract: | Sarcocystis spp. are cyst forming apicomplexan parasites that infect many vertebrates including birds. Sarcocystis spp. infection was investigated in tissue samples (pectoral muscles, heart, and brain) of 47 dead seabirds collected from the coastline of Santa Catarina State SC – Brazil, between August 2019 and March 2020. A portion of each tissue was fixed in 10% buffered formalin for histopathologic analysis while DNA was extracted from another portion and screened using nested-PCR targeting ITS1. Based on molecular analysis, Sarcocystis spp. were identified in 15/47 (31.9%) seabirds of five species, kelp gull (Larus dominicanus), manx shearwater (Puffinus puffinus), neotropic cormorant (Phalacrocorax brasilianus), brown booby (Sula leucogaster) and great skua (Stercorarius skua). Microscopically visible sarcocysts were observed only in the pectoral muscle of four seabirds 8.5% (4/47), while in one brown booby, sarcocysts were seen in both pectoral and cardiac muscles. Two types of sarcocysts, thin walled (≤1 μm) and thick-walled (≥ 2 μm) were identified. Based on ITS1 sequence comparison, S. halieti, S. falcatula and three not yet described Sarcocystis spp. were detected. Phylogenetically, S. falcatula isolates were classified as two distinct clusters. This is the first confirmation of S. halieti in seabird's species in South America and S. falcatula in birds of the order Charadriiformes. Further molecular studies are needed to understand the epidemiology of the Sarcocystis spp. infection and its impact on the health of seabirds. |
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