Modeling ecosystem impacts of the invasive Japanese smelt Hypomesus nipponensis in Lake Erhai,southwestern China |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China;3. Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada;4. Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China;1. CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun 666303, China;2. Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna 666303, China;3. Global Change Research Group, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun 666303, China;4. Department of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;1. Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA;2. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA;3. CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, Univ Paul-Valery Montpellier, Montpellier, France;1. Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China;2. Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361000, China;3. Observation and Research Station of Island and Coastal Ecosystem in the Western Taiwan Strait, Ministry of Natural Resources, China;4. Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China;5. College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China |
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| Abstract: | Introductions or alien species invasions will induce changes in aquatic ecosystems but are rarely reported in Chinese highland lakes. The Japanese smelt (Hypomesus nipponensis) invaded and has become a dominant fish species in Lake Erhai, a highland lake in southwestern China, since 2016. Here, we engineered Ecopath models for two different periods, 2008–2009 (preinvasion) and 2016–2018 (postinvasion), in Lake Erhai to model ecosystem impacts from the Japanese smelt invasion. In the dynamic Ecosim model based on the 2016–2018 Ecopath model, we ran three 50-year scenarios to simulate the potential effects of Japanese smelts on the system. Our results showed competition between invasive and native species as well as changes in trophic structures, highlighting the impacts of the invasive species over time. The lake ecosystem additionally experienced significant degradation after invasion, mainly reflected in several related indicators, such as total biomass/total system throughput (TB/TST), total primary production/total biomass (TPP/TB), total primary production/total respiration (TPP/TR), Finn's mean path length (FML), Finn's cycling index (FCI) and the Connectance Index (CI). The simulation results indicated that the relative biomass of icefish (Neosalanx taihuensis), bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), sharpbelly (Hemiculter leucisculus), and zooplankton were significantly affected by increasing the strength of the top-down control of the Japanese smelt on its prey. It is also important to do ecological regulation of planktivorous fishes in the studied Lake Erhai, especially the Japanese smelt. |
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