High variability in the number of E. multilocularis eggs in cat feces collected in the field |
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| Institution: | 2. French Establishment for Fighting Zoonoses (ELIZ), Domaine de Pixérécourt, 54220 Malzéville, France;3. University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR Cap Santé, EA 7510 ESCAPE, 51092 Reims cedex, France;4. University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CERFE, 08240, Boult-aux-Bois, France;1. Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan;2. ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;3. Germans Trias i Pujol Health Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona (Barcelona), Spain;4. Population Health and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia;1. Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, India;2. Department of Microbiology, Bidhannagar College, Kolkata, India;1. Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163000, Heilongjiang Province, China;2. School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, Jiangsu Province, China;1. Graduate program of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC 89820-000, Brazil;2. Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina, Xanxerê, SC 89820-000, Brazil;3. Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Concórdia, SC 89715-899, Brazil;4. Graduate programo f Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;1. Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;2. Fukui Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station, 23-1 Urasoko, Tsuruga, Fukui 914-0843, Japan;3. Sugashima Marine Biological Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Toba 517-0004, Japan;4. Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, N10W8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0180, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Echinococcus multilocularis is the causative agent of alveolar echinococcosis that is considered as the most severe parasitic disease in Europe. The contribution of cat to environmental contamination by E. multilocularis is generally considered as extremely low based on results of experimental infections and worm burden estimations from natural infections. However, the recent collection of numerous cat feces from kitchen gardens in high endemic areas and the detection of E. multilocularis DNA in a significant number of these feces raise the question of the risk of human transmission from cats. This study aimed to provide a quantitative estimation of E. multilocularis eggs in feces from naturally infected cats. A field sampling conducted in 192 kitchen gardens during a joint study led to the collection and analysis of 597 cat feces, among them 7 (1.2%) yielded positive results for E. multilocularis real-time PCR. The entire pellets obtained after homogenization, filtration and centrifugation of a 5 g-sample for each of these 7 feces were examined under a stereoscopic microscope. After assessing their number, 20 taeniid eggs were individually isolated and specifically identified by real-time PCR. Morphologically mature E. multilocularis eggs were identified in 4 samples and the counting of 4 to 43 E. multilocularis eggs per gram in these samples, i.e. 62 to 2331 eggs per feces when the total mass of the feces is considered. The number of eggs counted in 2 feces suggests a biotic potential of some naturally infected cats that largely exceed the previous experimental estimations. |
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