广西本地鲢和长丰鲢群体遗传多样性分析

本研究采用32个微卫星标记分析广西本地鲢和长丰鲢两个群体的遗传差异,计算并统计其微卫星遗传参数。结果显示:32个微卫星标记广西本地鲢鱼和长丰鲢群体共检测到等位基因119个,其中两群体所共有为88个;平均观测等位基因数为2.937 5和3.406 2;平均有效等位基因数为1.787 3和2.074 7;多态信息含量(PIC)在0～0.727 1和0～0.748 4之间,平均值为0.293 6和0.360 0,表明两个群体的遗传多样性均不高。两群体平均观测杂合度为0.373 9和0.559 7,平均期望杂合度为0.327 1和0.413 3,均表现为本地鲢群体低于长丰鲢群体,说明两个群体的均不高,并且广西本地鲢群体的遗传多样性低于长丰鲢群体;两个鲢鱼群体间的遗传距离和遗传相似系数分别为0.297 7和0.742 5,表明两个鲢鱼群体间的遗传差异不大。两个群体的遗传分化系数(Fst)在不同微卫星位点间差异明显,平均0.171 7。本研究为广西地方鱼类种质资源保护和利用提供了理论依据。

Ge netic Diversity Analysis in Changfeng Silver Carp and Guangxi Local Silver Carp

This study analyzed the genetic difference of Guangxi Local Silver Carp and Changfeng Silver Carp by thirty two microsatellite markers,calculated and counted its microsatellite genetic parameters. The results showed that total 119 alleles were detected in 32 microsatellite markers in Guangxi local carp and Changfeng carp population, and 88 alleles were existed in both two populations. The average observed number of alleles in each microsatellite locus of two populations were 2.937 5 and 3.406 2, and the average effective number of alleles were 1.787 3 and 2.074 7, respectively.The PIC of two populations of the range between 0~0.727 1 and 0~0.748 4, with the average were 0.293 6 and 0.360 0,indicating they were poor in genetic diversity. The average observed heterozygosity(Ho) of two populations were 0.373 9and 0.557 9, and the average expective heterzygosity(He) were 0.327 1 and 0.413 3, All the indexes for Guangxi local population were lower than those of Changfeng population, indicating that both genetic diversity of the two population was low, and Guangxi local population was lower than Changfeng population. The genetic distance and genetic similarity coefficient of two populations were 0.297 7 and 0.742 5. There was obvious difference of coefficient of genetic differentiation(Fst) at different microsatellite loci with an average of 0.171 7. The results of this study might provide a theoretical basis of rational use and protection for the germplasm resources of Guangxi local fish.