Maternal supplementation with n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids during perinatal period alleviates the metabolic syndrome disturbances in adult hamster pups fed a high-fat diet after weaning |
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| Affiliation: | 1. INRA, UMR 1280, Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, F-44 000 Nantes, France;2. LUNAM Université, Oniris, National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nutrition and Endocrinology Unit, F-44307 Nantes, France;3. CRNH, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, F-44093 Nantes, France;4. NSERM U1063, Institut de Biologie en Santé – IBS – IRIS, Rue des Capucins, 49045 Angers, France;5. LUNAM Université, EA 2160, Mer Molécules Santé, IUT Département Génie Biologique, F-53020 Laval, France;6. INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France;1. Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA;2. Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA;3. Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA;4. College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361–763, South Korea;5. Radiation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580–185, South Korea;6. Department of Medicine and Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA;1. Immunomodulation Research Group, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland;2. Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland;3. Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland;4. Nutrigenomics Research Group, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland |
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| Abstract: | Perinatal nutrition is thought to affect the long-term risk of the adult to develop metabolic syndrome. We hypothesized that maternal supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid during pregnancy and lactation would protect offspring fed a high-fat diet from developing metabolic disturbances. Thus, two groups of female hamsters were fed a low-fat control diet, either alone (LC) or enriched with n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) (LO), through the gestational and lactation periods. After weaning, male pups were randomized to separate groups that received either a control low-fat diet (LC) or a high-fat diet (HC) for 16 weeks. Four groups of pups were defined (LC-LC, LC-HC, LO-LC and LO-HC), based on the combinations of maternal and weaned diets. Maternal n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation was associated with reduced levels of basal plasma glucose, hepatic triglycerides secretion and postprandial lipemia in the LO-HC group compared to the LC-HC group. Respiratory parameters were not affected by maternal supplementation. In contrast, n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation significantly enhanced the activities of citrate synthase, isocitrate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase compared to the offspring of unsupplemented mothers. Sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c, diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2, fatty acid synthase, stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 and tumor necrosis factor α expression levels were not affected by n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation. These results provide evidence for a beneficial effect of n-3 LC-PUFA maternal supplementation in hamsters on the subsequent risk of metabolic syndrome. Underlying mechanisms may include improved lipid metabolism and activation of the mitochondrial oxidative pathway. |
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