SEM study of the oral cavity of members of the Kyphosidae and Girellidae (Pisces,Teleostei), with remarks on Crenidens (Sparidae), focusing on teeth and taste bud numbers and distribution |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;2. Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behavior, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel;3. Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research Institute, National Center of Mariculture, North Beach, Eilat 88112, Israel;1. Institute of Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, 152742 Borok, Yaroslavl Province, Russia;2. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Leninsky Prospect, 33, Moscow, Russia;1. African Centre for Coastal Palaeoscience, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape 6031, South Africa;2. School of Geographical Sciences & Urban Planning, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 875302, Tempe, AZ, 85287-5302, USA;3. Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA;4. Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, 7602, South Africa;5. Global Change Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2050, South Africa;6. School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Institute of Human Origins, Arizona State University, PO Box 872402, Tempe, AZ 85287-2402, USA;1. Marine Geoscience Unit, Council for Geoscience, PO Box 572, Bellville 7535, South Africa;2. Centre for Coastal Palaeoscience, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape 6031, South Africa;3. ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, Centre for Archaeological Science, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia;4. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town, University Avenue, Rondebosch 7700, South Africa;5. Institute of Human Origins, School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-2402, USA;6. Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa;7. Malcolm H. Wiener Laboratory for Archaeological Science, American School of Classical Studies, Souidias 54, 10676 Athens, Greece |
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| Abstract: | The present study compares dental morphology and taste bud distribution in the oral cavity of four species of the teleost family Kyphosidae, five species of Girellidae and one species of Sparidae. Some of these species are predominantly herbivorous, while others are omnivorous with a high portion of invertebrates in their diets. All the kyphosids feature one row of frontal cusped teeth on their jaws and areas of miniature teeth on the tongue and palate; the girellid species feature 2–5 rows of denticulate teeth, and no teeth inside the oral cavity. The total number of taste buds in the oral cavity is higher in Girella spp. than in the kyphosids, and their number is species-specific, not correlated with fish size. For example, Kyphosus bigibbus of 500 mm standard length bears 1780 taste buds, while the kyphosid Neoscorpis lithophilus of 80 mm bears 3460. The maximum number of taste buds, 7900, is found in Girella punctata of 60 mm standard length, and the minimum number, 1320, in Kyphosus vaigiensis of 175 mm. The higher number of taste buds appears to characterize species that possess a more diversified diet. The present study contributes to our understanding of the differences between the two families Kyphosidae and Girellidae. In particular, it relates the eco-morphological adaptations to the type of diet consumed by the various species. |
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| Keywords: | Kyphosidae Girellidae Oral cavity Teeth Taste buds |
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