Diets high in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease fatty acid synthase protein levels in adipose tissue but do not alter other markers of adipose function and inflammation in diet-induced obese rats |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland;2. Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland;3. Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland;4. Department of Clinical Nutrition and Obesity Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland;5. Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland;6. Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland;7. Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland;1. Mobiofood Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain;2. Group of Cheminformatics & Nutrition, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain |
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| Abstract: | This study investigates the effects of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids from different fat sources (High Oleic Canola, Canola, Canola–Flaxseed (3:1 blend), Safflower, or Soybean Oil, or a Lard-based diet) on adipose tissue function and markers of inflammation in Obese Prone rats fed high-fat (55% energy) diets for 12 weeks. Adipose tissue fatty acid composition reflected the dietary fatty acid profiles. Protein levels of fatty acid synthase, but not mRNA levels, were lower in adipose tissue of all groups compared to the Lard group. Adiponectin and fatty acid receptors GPR41 and GPR43 protein levels were also altered, but other metabolic and inflammatory mediators in adipose tissue and serum were unchanged among groups. Overall, rats fed vegetable oil- or lard-based high-fat diets appear to be largely resistant to major phenotypic changes when the dietary fat composition is altered, providing little support for the importance of specific fatty acid profiles in the context of a high-fat diet. |
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| Keywords: | Adipose tissue Adipokine Inflammation Fatty acid Monounsaturated fatty acid Polyunsaturated fatty acid Obesity |
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