Paravannella minima n. g. n. sp. (Discosea,Vannellidae) and distinction of the genera in the vannellid amoebae |
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| Institution: | 1. National Centre for Mari^#^ne Conservation and Resource Sustainability, University of Tasmania, Locked Bag 1370, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia;2. Department of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia;3. Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic;4. Department of Bioinformatics, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany;5. Fish Health Unit, Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water & Environment, 165 Westbury Road, Prospect, Tasmania, Australia;1. Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada;2. Department of Botany, Otago University, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;3. Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Program in Integrated Microbial Biodiversity;1. Laboratory of Soil Biology, University of Neuchatel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland;2. Institute of Biosciences, Department of Zoology, University of Sao Paulo, Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, Cidade Universitária, 05508-090 - Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil;3. Jardin Botanique de Neuchâtel, Chemin du Perthuis-du-Sault 58, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland;1. Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Zoological Institute, Cologne Biocenter, Zülpicher Str. 47b, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne Germany;2. Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Soil Sciences, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaja nab. 7/9 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;1. Laboratory of Soil Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, Neuchâtel CH-2000, Switzerland;2. Jardin Botanique de Neuchâtel, Chemin du Perthuis-du-Sault 58, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | Paravannella minima n. g. n. sp. (Amoebozoa, Vannellidae) isolated from a freshwater aquarium, possesses all light-microscopic and ultrastructural characteristics of the genus Vannella, being one of the smallest species among the vannellid amoebae (cell size during locomotion usually between 4.5 and 10 μm). At the same time, sequence analysis of the genes encoding for nuclear SSU rRNA, actin and mitochondrial Cox1 shows this species as the earliest-branching vannellid that appears to be sister to the rest of this clade. This is correlated with the presence of some plesiomorphic characters; in particular, the secondary structure of the hypervariable helices E23-1–E23-7 in the studied species is shared with Vannella and most of the genera of Dactylopodida. The cell coat structure of the studied species corresponds to the hypothesis that vannellid amoebae were ancestrally enclosed in a cell coat consisting of pentagonal glycostyles that have undergone multiple independent losses in various clades of Vannellidae. |
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| Keywords: | Amoebozoa Molecular phylogeny Taxonomy Ultrastructure Vannellidae |
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