Differential effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in promoting the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes |
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Affiliation: | 1. Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA;2. University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono, ME 04469, USA;3. Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA;4. Vermont Genetics Network, Department of Biology, Norwich University, 158 Harmon Drive, Northfield, VT 05663, USA |
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Abstract: | The objective of this study was to determine the effects of enrichment with n-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Enrichment with DHA but not EPA significantly increased the differentiation markers compared to control differentiated cells. DHA compared to EPA treatment led to a greater increase in adiponectin secretion and, conditioned media collected from DHA treated cells inhibited monocyte migration. Moreover, DHA treatment resulted in inhibition of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. DHA treated cells predominantly accumulated DHA in phospholipids whereas EPA treatment led to accumulation of both EPA and its elongation product docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), an n-3 fatty acid. Of note, adding DPA to DHA inhibited DHA-induced differentiation. The differential effects of EPA and DHA on preadipocyte differentiation may be due, in part, to differences in their intracellular modification which could impact the type of n-3 fatty acids incorporated into the cells. |
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Keywords: | n-3 fatty acids Adipogenesis EPA DHA Docosapentaenoic acid |
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