Effects of Saskatoon berry powder on monocyte adhesion to vascular wall of leptin receptor-deficient diabetic mice |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Internal Medicine and Physiology;2. Department of Human Nutritional Sciences;3. Department of Food Sciences, University of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada;4. Xiangya Boai Rehabilitation Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China;1. Department of Pathology, The University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;2. Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;3. Department of Medicine, The University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;4. Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, The University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;5. Department of Dermatology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;6. Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA;7. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;8. The Veteran''s Health Administration Research & Development Service, Baltimore, MD, USA;1. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of pathology, Mirza Kuchikkhan Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;1. Genética Molecular-Laboratorio Medicina, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain;2. Nefrología, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain;3. Centros de Salud Principado de Asturias, Asturias, Spain;4. Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain;5. Pediatría, HUCA, Oviedo, Spain;6. IDIPAZ, Madrid, Spain;7. Fundación Renal and RED INVESTIGACION RENAL (REDINREN), Spain;8. Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Hypothesis:Atherosclerotic cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of death in diabetic patients. Monocyte adhesion is an early event for atherogenesis. Previous studies demonstrated that dark-skin berries had cardiovascular protective effects. We hypothesize that Saskatoon berry (SB) powder may reduce monocyte adhesion in leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) diabetic mice.MethodsWild-type and db/db mice were fed with chow or supplemented with SB powder. Anthocyanins in SB powder were identified using mass spectrometry. Mouse monocytes were incubated with mouse aorta. Monocyte adhesion was counted under microscopy. Inflammatory or metabolic markers in blood or tissue were analyzed using immunological or biochemical methods.ResultsSB powder significantly reduced monocyte adhesion to aorta from diabetic db/db mice compared to regular chow. The increased monocyte adhesion to aorta was normalized in db/db mice treated with ≥5% of SB powder for 4 weeks. Increased contents of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH) oxidase-4, heat shock factor-1, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, P-selectin, tumor necrosis factor-α, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 and urokinase plasminogen activator in aorta or heart apex, elevated plasma PAI-1 and MCP-1 were detected in db/db mice on chow compared to wild-type mice on the same diet; 5% SB powder inhibited the increases of inflammatory, fibrinolytic or stress regulators in aorta or heart apex of db/db mice. Monocyte adhesion positively correlated with blood glucose, cholesterol, body weight, heart MCP-1, PAI-1 or ICAM-1.ConclusionThe findings suggest that SB powder attenuated monocyte adhesion to aorta of db/db mice, which was potentially mediated through inhibiting the inflammatory, stress and/or fibrinolyic regulators. |
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