糜子品质研究进展与展望

糜子(Panicum miliaceum)生育期短、水分利用率高、耐盐碱、耐虫害,是种植业结构调整中的重要作物。糜子富含淀粉、蛋白质、必需氨基酸、不饱和脂肪酸、维生素(烟酸、B族维生素和叶酸等)、矿物质(磷、钙、锌和铁)、膳食纤维和酚类物质等,是麸质过敏人群的理想食物(无谷蛋白食物)。此外,糜子还具有降血糖、消炎及预防心脑血管疾病等功效。因此,作为环境友好型和营养保健型谷物,糜子可成为未来我国应对隐性饥饿的智慧食物。该文从糜子外观、营养和加工品质的角度,总结糜子品质研究进展,旨在为糜子品质研究及加工利用提供参考。

Progress and Prospect of Research on the Quality of Broomcorn Millet

Broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum) has a short growth period, high water use efficiency, resistance to salt, alkali, and insect pests. It is an important crop in the adjustment of planting structure. Broomcorn millet is rich in starch, protein, essential amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins (niacin, B vitamins, folic acid, etc.), minerals (phosphorus, calcium, zinc, iron), dietary fiber, phenolics, etc. It is also gluten-free, an ideal food for people who are allergy to gluten. In addition, broomcorn millet has the functions of lowering blood sugar, anti-inflammatory, and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, broomcorm millet is an environmental friendly crop and beneficial to human health. It can be used as a future smart food for our country to deal with hidden hunger. This paper summarizes the research progress on the quality of broomcorn millet from the perspectives of appearance quality, nutritional quality and processing quality, and provides a reference for the quality research, processing and utilization of broomcorn millet.