Observations on the Occurrence of Entomophthorales Infecting Aphids (Aphidoidea) in Slovakia

The species spectrum of entomophthoralean fungi parasiting aphids was investigated in Slovakia. The surveys focused on aphid fauna occupying both agricultural crops and vegetation at non-crop sites. During the surveys, 15 different entomophthoralean species were identified from 66 aphid species. Of these 15 fungal species, eight had not previously been recorded in Slovakia and one species, Erynia erinacea (Ben-Ze’ev et Kenneth) Remaudière et Hennebert, had not been recorded previously in Central Europe. New hosts for some parasitic fungi were also recorded. The occurrence of fungal infection and the fungal species spectrum varied with sampling period and sampling area. In general, the fungi were observed parasiting aphid populations from April until November. Pandora neoaphidis (Remaudière et Hennebert) Humber was the predominant fungal pathogen and could effectively reduce aphid populations. Entomophthora planchoniana Cornu and Conidiobolus obscurus (Hall et Dunn) Remaudière et Keller were also common pathogens of aphids, but without an epizootic potential. On the other hand, Neozygites fresenii (Nowakowski) Remaudière et Keller had a strong tendency to establish epizootics in dense aphid colonies, especially in those of the black bean aphid. Other entomophthoralean species observed in the country were considered to be minor aphid pathogens on account of their low occurrence, lower specificity to aphids, or high specificity to a single aphid species. This is the first detailed report to date on the occurrence of Entomophthorales in Slovakia.