Transmission of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus from experimentally infected sheep to hyalomma truncatum ticks |
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| Institution: | 1. Institut Pasteur, BP 220, Dakar, France;2. Institut Français de Recherche Scientifique pour le Développement en Cooperation (ORSTOM), BP 1386, Dakar, France;3. Laboratoire ORSTOM de Zoologie médicale, Institut Pasteur, Dakar, France;1. Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;2. Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA;3. Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA;4. Chevy Chase, MD, USA;5. Division of Virology, National Health Laboratory Service Universitas and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa;6. National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom;7. Public Health Institution of Turkey, National Virology Reference Laboratory, Ankara, Turkey;8. Department for Clinical Microbiology, LabMed, Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden;9. Public Health Agency of Sweden, Sweden;10. National Veterinary Institute, Sweden;11. Institute for Virology, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany;12. Department of Microbiology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece;1. Department of Microbiology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece;2. Veterinary Research Institute, HAO-Demeter (former NAGREF), NAGREF Campus, PO Box 60272, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;3. Argos Orestiko Health Center, 52200 Argos Orestiko, Kastoria, Greece;4. Laboratory of GeoInformatics, Department of Surveying Engineering, Technological Educational Institute of Athens, Greece;1. Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ondokuz Mayis University Medical School, Samsun, Turkey;2. Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey;3. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health, Ankara, Turkey;4. Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey;1. Department of Geospatial Information System (GIS), K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Iran;1. Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;2. Department of Animal Pathology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain;3. United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA;4. Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Galveston, TX, USA;5. Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA;1. Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald-Isle of Riems, Germany;2. IDvet, Grabels, France;3. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey;4. Unit Antiviral Strategies, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France |
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| Abstract: | Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus was inoculated into West African sheep that were simultaneously infested with adult Hyalomma truncatum ticks. Certain sheep developed a viraemia and antibodies, indicating virus infection and replication; however, the length and magnitude of the viraemia and serological responses corresponded to the animals' immunological status. Tick attachment and feeding was not influenced by sheep infection. CCHF virus infection was acquired by 11–33 % of female and 0–60 % of male ticks. Infection in the ticks did not influence their feeding success, as judged by weight at drop-off, and the weight of eggs produced by infected and non-infected ticks was similar. Transovarial transmission of CCHF virus was demonstrated in 2 of 12 (17 %) egg batches from infected female ticks, but in none of 19 egg batches from ticks that tested negative for CCHF virus. Our results suggest that under certain ecological conditions, sheep may serve to amplify CCHF virus in nature through horizontal transmission and that the maintenance cycle also may be influenced by transovarial transmission to the next generation of ticks. |
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