Mechanism of erythrocyte cryohemolysis, induced by cationic amphipaths: synergism of induction of the "discocyte-stomatocyte III" transition due to chlorpromazine and medium tonicity]

It is determined that chlorpromazine, a cationic amphipath usually protecting erythrocytes under conditions of hypertonic cryohemolysis is an efficient inductor of the cell lysis in case of cooling in media with tonicity close to the physiological (the isotonic cryohemolysis). Both chlorpromazine and tonicity of the medium influence the alterations in the state of cells, which is confirmed by synergy of the "discocyte-stomatocyte III" transition induction. The above process may be considered as a critical stage of structural modification of erythrocytes. Transition through this stage coincides with appearance of sensitivity to cooling in cells.