阿尔茨海默病患者血清IL-10、IL-17、IL-33与肠道菌群相对丰度和认知功能的相关性分析

摘要 目的：分析阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者血清白介素（IL）-10、IL-17、IL-33与肠道菌群相对丰度和认知功能的相关性。方法：选择上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院老年科以及黄浦分院神经内科于2020年4月~2023年4月期间收治的AD患者 98例作为研究对象。根据临床痴呆评定量表（CDR）将AD患者分为轻度组（n=36）、中度组（n=39）、重度组（n=23）。对比三组患者的IL-10、IL-17、IL-33、肠道菌群相对丰度、认知功能评分。采用Pearson相关性分析AD患者血清IL-10、IL-17、IL-33与肠道菌群相对丰度和认知功能的相关性。结果：重度组、中度组的IL-17水平高于轻度组，且重度组高于中度组（P<0.05）。重度组、中度组IL-10、IL-33水平低于轻度组，且重度组低于中度组（P<0.05）。重度组、中度组的梭菌纲、厚壁菌门、梭菌科、梭菌目低于轻度组，且重度组低于中度组（P<0.05）。重度组、中度组的拟杆菌门、拟杆菌纲、拟杆菌目、产碱杆菌科高于轻度组，且重度组高于中度组（P<0.05）。重度组、中度组简易精神状态量表（MMSE）评分低于轻度组，且重度组低于中度组（P<0.05）。Pearson相关性分析结果显示，IL-10、IL-33与MMSE评分、厚壁菌门、梭菌纲、梭菌目、梭菌科呈正相关，与拟杆菌门、拟杆菌纲、拟杆菌目、产碱杆菌科呈负相关（P<0.05）。IL-17与MMSE评分、厚壁菌门、梭菌纲、梭菌目、梭菌科呈负相关，与拟杆菌门、拟杆菌纲、拟杆菌目、产碱杆菌科呈正相关（P<0.05）。结论：AD患者认知功能下降，血清IL-10、IL-17、IL-33水平异常变化，患者体内肠道菌群相对丰度异常，且IL-10、IL-17、IL-33水平与肠道菌群相对丰度、认知功能存在一定的相关性。

Correlation Analysis of Serum IL-10, IL-17, IL-33 and the Relative Abundance of Intestinal Flora and Cognitive Function in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the correlation between serum interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17, IL-33 and relative abundance of intestinal flora and cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer''s disease (AD). Methods: 98 AD patients admitted to Geriatrics Department of Ninth People''s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and Neurology Department of Huangpu Branch from April 2020 to April 2023 were selected as study subjects. AD patients were divided into mild group (n=36), moderate group (n=39) and severe group (n=23) according to the clinical dementia rating scale (CDR). The IL-10, IL-17, IL-33, relative abundance of intestinal flora and cognitive function scores in three groups were compared. The correlation between serum IL-10, IL-17, IL-33 and relative abundance of intestinal flora and cognitive function in AD patients were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: The levels of IL-17 in severe group and moderate group were higher than those in mild group, and severe group was higher than that of moderate group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-10 and IL-33 in severe group and moderate group were lower than those in mild group, and severe group was lower than that of moderate group (P<0.05). The clostridia, firmicutes, clostridaceae, and clostridiales in severe group and moderate group were lower than those in mild group, and severe group was lower than that of moderate group(P<0.05). The bacteroidetes, bacteroides, bacteroides and alcaligenes in severe group and moderate group were higher than those in mild group, and severe group was higher than that of moderate group (P<0.05). The MMSE scores in severe group and moderate group were lower than those in mild group, and severe group was lower than that of moderate group(P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that, IL-10 and IL-33 were positively correlated with MMSE score, firmicutes, clostridia, clostridiales and clostridaceae, and negatively correlated with bacteroidetes, bacteroidetes, bacteroidetes and alcaligenes(P<0.05). IL-17 was negatively correlated with MMSE score, firmicutes, clostridia, clostridiales and clostridaceae, and positively correlated with bacteroidetes, bacteroidetes, bacteroidetes and alcaligenes(P<0.05). Conclusion: The cognitive function of AD patients decreased, the levels of serum IL-10, IL-17 and IL-33 changed abnormally, and the relative abundance of intestinal flora in patients was abnormal, and the levels of IL-10, IL-17 and IL-33 were correlate with the relative abundance of intestinal flora and cognitive function.