不同类型杀虫剂对烟粉虱捕食性天敌日本刀角瓢虫的毒力

采用试管药膜法,测定了不同类型杀虫剂对日本刀角瓢虫Serangium japonicum Chapin的毒力。结果表明,灭多威和敌敌畏对日本刀角瓢虫具有极强的毒力,其25%推荐剂量即可导致日本刀角瓢虫全部死亡;氯虫苯甲酰胺、吡虫啉和噻虫嗪对日本刀角瓢虫也具有很强的毒力,其田间推荐剂量可导致日本刀角瓢虫全部死亡,其50%推荐剂量对日本刀角瓢虫的致死率也高达73.33%～100.00%;乐果、烯啶虫胺、丁醚脲田间推荐剂量对日本刀角瓢虫的致死率分别为40.00%、56.67%、50.00%,预示着上述这些杀虫剂的田间应用对刀角瓢虫具有很高的直接杀伤风险。高效氯氰菊酯、联苯菊酯、毒死蜱、甲氰菊酯、高效氯氟氰菊酯、虫螨腈、阿维菌素、吡蚜酮、噻嗪酮、定虫隆和氟虫脲对日本刀角瓢虫的毒力较低甚至没有直接致死作用。研究结果将为合理使用杀虫剂,协调利用化学防治与生物防治对烟粉虱进行综合防治提供依据。

Toxicity of various classes of insecticides to Serangium japonicum, a predator of Bemisia tabaci

The toxicity of various classes of insecticides to Serangium japonicum Chapin was tested by contact with dry residues on glass tubes. Both methomyl and dichlorovos were highly toxic to S. japonicum with only 25% of the recommended field dose could cause 100% mortality. Chlorantraniliprole, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam caused 100% mortality at the recommended doses and 73.33% - 100. 00% mortality at 50. 06% of the recommended doses. The recommended doses of dimethoate, nitenpyram, and diafenthiuron caused 40. 00% , 56.67% and 50. 00% mortality, respectively. Thus, application of any of these insecticides can cause significant mortality in S. japonicum in the field. The other tested insecticides, beta-cypermetbrin, bifenthrin, fenpropathrin, beta-cyfluthrin, chlorpyrifos, chlorfenapyr, avermectin, pymetrozine, buprofezin, chlorfluazuron and flufenoxuron, showed relatively low toxicity, or were even not fatal to, S. japonicum. These results provide the basis for future guidelines for rational insecticide use, and also help the development of effective IPM programs involving both natural enemies and insecticides for the control of B. tabaci in China.