Mental representations of movements. Brain potentials associated with imagination of hand movements |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Clinical Neurology, University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;2. Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Perception et de I Action, CNRS, College de France, Paris, France;1. School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China;2. School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;3. Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;4. Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 10071, China;1. Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;2. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn Center of Excellence on Parkinson Disease and Related Disorders, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;3. Clinical Neurosciences Program, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;1. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA;2. Department of Biostatistics, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA;1. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;3. Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;2. Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;4. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;5. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington;1. Department of Physiology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan;2. Department of Software Science, Tamagawa University, College of Engineering, Machida, Tokyo 194-8610, Japan;3. Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, Riken Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan;1. Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States;2. Clement J. Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI 53295, United States;3. Children''s Hospital of Wisconsin, Pediatric Anesthesia, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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| Abstract: | The present study was designed in order to contribute towards the understanding of the physiology of motor imagery. DC potentials were recorded when subjects either imagined or executed a sequence of unilateral or bilateral hand movements. The sequence consisted of hand movements in 4 directions, forwards, backwards, to the right and to the left, and varied from trial to trial. The sequence had been cued by visual targets on a computer screen and had to be memorized before the trial was initiated. Changes of DC potentials between task execution and imagination were localized in central recordings (C3, Cz, C4) with larger amplitudes when executing the task than when imagining to do so. Stimulation of peripheral receptors associated with task execution or a different level of activation of the cortico-motoneural system could account for this finding. The main result of the present study was that with unilateral performance, the side of the performing hand (right, left) had localized effects in recordings over the sensorimotor hand area (C3, C4) which were qualitatively the same with imagination and execution and quantitatively similar (i.e., without significant difference). Performance of the right hand augmented negative DC potentials in C3, performance of the left hand augmented amplitudes in C4. This result is consistent with the assumption that the primary motor cortex is active with motor imagery. Finally, the question has been addressed whether motor imagery may involve the left hemisphere to a larger extent than the execution of the movement. It is shown that a particular contribution of the left hemisphere associated with motor imagery may only show up under strictly controlled conditions. |
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