胡桃楸胚性愈伤组织诱导与体细胞胚胎发生

胡桃楸是东北东部山地阔叶红松林的重要组成树种。因其被大量采伐,资源日趋枯竭。体细胞胚胎发生是快速繁殖和人工种子研制的基础,对遗传改良有重要意义。为探讨不同外植体、植物生长调节物质种类及配比对胡桃楸培养物的影响,建立了胡桃楸体胚发生及再生植株体系。结果表明:合子胚为外植体时最易形成胚性愈伤组织,外植体最佳取材时期为5～6月。胡桃楸胚性愈伤组织最适诱导为MS+1.0mg·mL-12,4-D+0.5mg·mL-16-BA;体细胞胚的诱导、发育和分化的适宜的培养基为附加蔗糖60g.L-1、水解酪蛋白700mg·mL-1时不添加任何生长调节物质的MS培养基。

Induction of Embryogenic callus and Somatic Embryogenesis of Juglans mandshurica Maxim.

Juglans mandshurica Maxim. is one of the most important component species of the mixed forest of the broadleaved species and Korean pine forest in the eastern mountains in Northeast China. Because of too much cutting, the resource is decreasing. Somatic embryogenesis is basic for the rapid development of population and research on artificial seeds and has important significance in genetic improvement. This study intended to establish a culture system that would induce somatic embryogenesis of J.mandshurica Maxim. Various plant growth regulators and their ratio were investigated with different explants of J.mandshurica Maxim. The results showed that the zygotic embryos were the best to induce embryogenic callus. May and June were the best period to collect explants for the induction. The best induction medium for embryogenic callus was MS supplemented with 1.0 mg·L^-1 2,4-D and 0.5 mg·L^-1 6-BA. The best medium for induction, development and differentiation of somatic embryos was MS supplemented with 60 g·L^-1 sugar, 700 mg·L^-1 CH without any growth regulation substances.