基于生态监管的生态保护修复工程实施成效评估指标体系

生态监管是保障生态保护修复工程有效实施的重要途径,生态保护修复监督评估是我国当前维护生态环境安全的迫切需求和生态监管开展的有力抓手。在对国内外已有生态保护修复成效评估相关理论方法进行分析的基础上,围绕生态保护修复工程实施目标,结合生态监管要求,统筹考虑“山水林田湖草生命共同体”理念、生态保护修复工程类型、指标可操作性和兼容性等因素,综合运用频度分析法、专家咨询法和层次分析法等方法,提出了生态保护修复工程实施成效评估指标体系,构建了包括生态环境成效和工程管理成效的指标体系。其中,生态环境成效指标由共性指标和个性指标组成,共性指标包括生态系统格局、生态系统功能、生态干扰等方面的具体指标,个性指标包括森林保护修复工程、草原保护修复工程、湿地保护修复工程、矿山修复工程、防沙治沙工程、石漠化治理工程、水土流失治理工程、地质灾害治理工程、流域综合治理工程等不同工程类型的具体指标。工程管理成效指标主要包括工程绩效、工程实施及公众满意等方面的具体指标。在对各项指标评估的基础上,通过综合评估计算对生态保护修复工程实施成效进行评估。基于生态系统格局指数、生态系统功能指数、生态干扰指数、工程管理成效指数及不...

Ecological supervision oriented evaluation indicator system for performance assessment of ecological protection and restoration project implementation

Surveillance, monitoring and management are important measures to maintain the ecological benefits from the ecological protection and restoration projects. Evaluation on these projects is needed to protect the eco-environmental safety and an effective measure for the ecological management. Based on the investigation on the domestic and abroad studies on the methodology, the indicator selection and the application, this study proposes an index system to evaluate the ecological effects of the ecological protection and restoration projects, focusing on the implementation goals of the ecological protection and restoration projects as well as ecological supervision objectives. Taking the concept of "a living community of mountains, waters, forests, farmlands, lakes, and grasslands", the types of ecological protection and restoration projects, the operability and compatibility of indicators, and other factors into comprehensive consideration, the index system that includes the ecological and environmental achievements as well as the project management performances is established using the methods of frequency analysis, expert consultation and analytic hierarchy process. Among them, the ecological and environmental achievements indicators are composed of common and individual indicators. Common indicators include specific indicators of ecosystem pattern, ecosystem function, and ecological interference. Individual indicators include specific indicators of different project types, such as forest protection and restoration projects, grassland protection and restoration projects, wetland protection and restoration projects, mine restoration projects, sand control projects, rock desertification management projects, soil erosion management projects, geological disaster management projects, and comprehensive watershed treatment projects. The indicators of project management performances mainly include specific indicators of project performance, project implementation, and public satisfaction. The values of assessment indicators focus on the change rates of their values to the background values, reflecting the relevant changes arising from the implementation of ecological protection and restoration projects. Based on the assessment of each indicator, the implementation performances of ecological protection and restoration projects is evaluated through comprehensive calculation. According to the ecosystem pattern index, ecosystem function index, ecological disturbance index, project management effectiveness index, and individual indexes of different project types, a comprehensive index of ecological protection and restoration project implementation performances is obtained. On this basis, the implementation performances of ecological protection and restoration projects is graded into four levels:unqualified, average, good, and excellent, indicating the status of implementation performances of ecological protection and restoration projects. This study can provide a guiding method and important reference for assessing the implementation performances of ecological protection and restoration projects in accordance with the ecological supervision requirements.