肠内营养乳剂早期应用对重症脑血管病患者营养支持及感染防治的临床价值研究

摘要 目的：研究肠内营养乳剂（EN）早期应用对重症脑血管病患者营养支持及感染防治的临床价值。方法：按照随机数字表法，将我院2016年1月至2021年1月期间收治的重症脑血管病患者392例分为对照组（n=196）和试验组（n=196）。对照组于患者发病24小时后进行EN支持治疗，试验组在患者发病24小时内给予EN支持治疗。对比两组营养状况、免疫功能、并发症发生率、病情状况和生活自理能力情况。结果：治疗后，试验组白蛋白、前白蛋白、血红蛋白高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，试验组CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺高于对照组，CD8⁺低于对照组（P<0.05）。试验组的生存率则高于对照组，并发症发生率低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组日常生活能力日常生活能力量表（ADL）评分较治疗前升高，美国国立卫生院神经功能缺损评分（NIHSS）评分较治疗前下降，且试验组变化程度大于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：EN早期应用有助于改善重症脑血管病患者营养状况，提高其免疫力，降低并发症发生率，改善日常生活活动能力，提高生存率。

Clinical Value Study of Early Application of Enteral Nutrition Emulsion in Nutritional Support and Infection Prevention of Patients with Severe Cerebrovascular Disease

ABSTRACT Objective: To study the clinical value of early application of enteral nutrition emulsion (EN) on nutritional support and infection prevention in patients with severe cerebrovascular disease. Methods: According to the random number table method, 392 patients with severe cerebrovascular disease who were treated in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2021 were divided into control group (n=196) and experimental group (n=196). The patients in the control group were given en support treatment 24 hours after the onset of the disease, and the patients in the experimental group were given EN support treatment within 24 hours after the onset of the disease. The nutritional status, immune function, complication rate, condition and self-care ability of the two groups were compared. Results: After treatment, albumin, prealbumin and hemoglobin in experimental group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). After treatment, CD3⁺, CD4⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in experimental group were higher than those in control group, and CD8⁺ was lower than that in control group (P<0.05). The survival rate in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group, and the incidence of complications was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the activity of daily living scale (ADL) score in the two groups was higher than that before treatment, and the National Institutes of Health Neurological Deficit Scale (NIHSS) score was lower than that before treatment, and the degree of change in the experimental group was greater than that in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion: Early application of EN can improve the nutritional status of patients with severe cerebrovascular disease, enhance their immunity, reduce the incidence of complications, improve the activities of daily living, and increase the survival rate.