Green Synthesis of Genistein-Fortified Zinc Ferrite Nanoparticles as a Potent Hepatic Cancer Inhibitor: Validation through Experimental and Computational Studies |
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| Authors: | Dr. Chiagoziem A. Otuechere Netra P. Neupane Adewale Adewuyi Prateek Pathak Jurica Novak Maria Grishina Habibullah Khalilullah Mariusz Jaremko Dr. Amita Verma |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Redeemer's University, 232101 Ede, Nigeria;2. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, 211007 Prayagraj, India;3. Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Redeemer's University, 232101 Ede, Nigeria;4. Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;5. Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, Higher Medical and Biological School, South Ural State University, 454008 Chelyabinsk, Russia;6. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, 51911 Unayzah, Saudi Arabia;7. Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia |
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| Abstract: | In hepatic cancer, precancerous nodules account for damage and inflammation in liver cells. Studies have proved that phyto-compounds based on biosynthetic metallic nanoparticles display superior action against hepatic tumors. This study targeted the synthesis of genistein-fortified zinc ferrite nanoparticles (GENP) trailed by anticancer activity assessment against diethylnitrosamine and N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene induced hepatic cancer. The process of nucleation was confirmed by UV/VIS spectrophotometry, X-ray beam diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and FT-IR. An in vitro antioxidant assay illustrated that the leaves of Pterocarpus mildbraedii have strong tendency as a reductant and, in the nanoformulation synthesis, as a natural capping agent. A MTT assay confirmed that GENP have a strong selective cytotoxic potential against HepG2 cancer cells. In silico studies of genistein exemplified the binding tendency towards human matrix metalloproteinase comparative to the standard drug marimastat. An in vivo anticancer evaluation showed that GENP effectively inhibit the growth of hepatic cancer by interfering with hepatic and non-hepatic biochemical markers. |
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| Keywords: | genistein zinc ferrite nanoparticles liver cancer human matrix metalloproteinase molecular dynamics |
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