Tomato-aphid-hoverfly: a tritrophic interaction incompatible for pest management |
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Authors: | François J Verheggen Quentin Capella Ezra G Schwartzberg Dagmar Voigt Eric Haubruge |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agricultural University, 2 Passage des Déportés, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium 2. Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA 3. Evolutionary Biomaterials Group, Department of Thin Films and Biological Systems, Max Planck Institute for Metals Research, Heisenbergstra?e 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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Abstract: | Trichome-based tomato resistance offers the potential to reduce pesticide use, but its compatibility with biological control
remains poorly understood. We evaluated Episyrphus balteatus De Geer (Diptera, Syrphidae), an efficient aphidophagous predator, as a potential biological control agent of Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera, Aphididae) on trichome-bearing tomato cultivars. Episyrphus balteatus’ foraging and oviposition behavior, as well as larval mobility and aphid accessibility, were compared between two tomato
cultivars (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ‘Moneymaker’ and ‘Roma’) and two other crop plants; broad bean (Vicia faba L.) and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Hoverfly adults landed and laid more eggs on broad beans than on three species of Solanaceae. Hoverfly larval movement
was drastically reduced on tomato, and a high proportion of hoverfly larvae fell from the plant before reaching aphid prey.
After quantifying trichome abundance on each of these four plants, we suggest that proprieties of the plant surface, specifically
trichomes, are a key factor contributing to reduced efficacy of E. balteatus as a biological agent for aphid control on tomatoes.
Handling editor: Stanislaw Gorb |
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Keywords: | Episyrphus balteatus Lycopersicon esculentum Myzus persicae Trichome-based resistance |
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