Affiliation: | (1) Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, The Netherlands;(2) Dept. of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Postfach 330440, 28334 Bremen, Germany;(3) Present address: Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 94766, 1090 GT Amsterdam, The Netherlands |
Abstract: | Three species of the reef coral genus Madracis display skeletal isotopic characteristics that relate to depth, colony topography, and consequently to coral physiology. The joint interpretation of skeletal 13C and 18O provides information on the ecological plasticity and adaptation to depth of a coral species. Isotopic results are most easily understood in terms of kinetic effects, which reduce both 18O and 13C below isotopic equilibrium values, and metabolic effects, which only influence the skeletal 13C. Madracis mirabilis is adapted to depths shallower than 20 m, and shows the greatest range in kinetic effects and the strongest metabolic 13C enrichments caused by symbiont photosynthesis. Madracis formosa lives deeper than 40 m, and shows a reduced range of kinetic effects and relatively weak metabolic 13C enrichments. Madracis pharensis inhabits depths from 5 to >60 m, and does not attain the strength of kinetic effects of either of the other two species, apparently because it is not quite as well adapted to rapid growth at either extreme. |