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Implication of Ethylene in the Release of Secondary Dormancy in Amaranthus caudatus L. Seeds by Gibberellins or Cytokinin
Authors:Jan Kępczyński  Magdalena Bihun  Ewa Kępczyńska
Institution:(1) Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Szczecin, Wąska 13, 71-415 Szczecin, Poland
Abstract:Ethephon (Eth), gibberellin A3, A4 + 7 (GA3, GA4 + 7), and 6-benzyladenine (BA) removed secondary dormancy of Amaranthus caudatus seeds. The GAs and BA potentiated the effect of ethephon or 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), an ethylene biosynthesis precursor, in terms of the rate or final percent of germination. Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), an ACC synthase activity inhibitor, was observed to simultaneously inhibit the release from dormancy effected by GA3 or BA as well as the ethylene production stimulated by these regulators. Breaking of secondary dormancy by GA3, GA4 + 7 or BA was prevented by 2,5-norbornadiene (NBD), an inhibitor of ethylene binding. Ethylene completely or markedly reversed the inhibitory effect of NBD. We thus conclude that the removal of secondary dormancy in Amaranthus caudatus seeds by gibberellin or benzyladenine involves ethylene biosynthesis and action.
Keywords:Amaranthus caudatus  Benzyladenine  Ethylene  Gibberellin  Secondary dormancy
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